There are few things more frustrating than cranking up the thermostat only to feel a cold breeze cutting right through your living room. If you’re sitting near a window and feel a chill, you aren’t just losing comfort—you’re losing money.

Looking for more guidance? Take a look at our Repairs overview.

Drafty windows are incredibly common, even in newer homes. Over time, houses settle, caulking dries out, and weather stripping degrades. The good news is that a "failed" window seal doesn't usually mean you need to buy a whole new window. In fact, most air leaks can be fixed with less than $20 in supplies and an hour of your time.

If you are hearing wind whistling through the frame or feeling cold air despite the window being locked shut, don't panic. You can likely solve this yourself.

What Symptoms Look Like

Before you head to the hardware store, let’s confirm what’s actually happening. You typically know you have an air leak if:

• You feel a distinct cold spot or breeze when standing near the glass.
• The curtains move slightly even when the window is closed.
• You hear whistling or high-pitched wind noise during storms.
• Dust accumulates quickly on the windowsill (drafts pull dust in).

Step 1: The Incense Test (Diagnosis)

You can’t fix a leak until you know exactly where it is. The gaps can be microscopic, so we need a visual aid.

The safest way to find a leak:

1. Close and lock your window tightly.
2. Light a stick of incense (or a candle, though incense smoke is lighter and easier to see).
3. Hold it steady near the edges of the frame, the sash (the part that moves), and where the glass meets the wood or vinyl.
4. Watch the smoke. If it drifts lazily up, you’re good. If it suddenly shoots sideways or is sucked inward, you’ve found your leak.

Once you know where the air is getting in, check the sections below for the specific fix.

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Scenario A: Air is leaking where the glass meets the frame

If the smoke moved right where the glass pane touches the sash material, the glazing or seal has likely dried out.

The Fix: Reseal the glass-to-frame joint

• Difficulty: Moderate
• Time: 25 minutes active work (plus drying time)

Steps:

1. Open the window fully so you can access the glass edges easily.
2. Use a utility knife to carefully scrape away any loose, cracked, or old glazing putty/sealant.
3. Wipe the area clean with a dry cloth. Dust is the enemy of a good seal.
4. Apply painter's tape to the glass and the frame, leaving a small gap for the new caulk. This ensures a clean line.
5. Using a clear, exterior-grade silicone caulk, run a smooth bead around the edge where the glass meets the frame.
6. Smooth it with a damp finger, remove the tape immediately, and let it cure for at least 3 hours before touching.

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Scenario B: Air is leaking around the outer edge of the frame

If the draft is coming from the perimeter—where the window casing meets your drywall or the interior sill—the seal between the window unit and your house has failed.

The Fix: Re-caulk the window perimeter

• Difficulty: Moderate
• Time: 30 minutes active work

Steps:

1. Open the window so you have full access to the edges.
2. Slice and peel away the old, cracked caulk with a utility knife. Do not just caulk over the old stuff; it won't hold.
3. Scrub the joint with a dry brush to remove debris.
4. Apply painter's tape to the wall and the window frame to create a neat channel.
5. Apply a paintable, exterior-grade silicone caulk into the gap.
6. Smooth with a damp finger, peel the tape, and let it cure for 3 hours.

Tip: Keeping track of which windows you've sealed in a simple home log, like the one in Casa, can help you remember which rooms still need attention next winter.

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Scenario C: Air is leaking through the moving parts (Double-Hung or Sliding Windows)

If the leak is coming from the tracks or where the window slides up and down, your weather stripping is likely worn out.

The Fix: Replace sash weather stripping

• Difficulty: Easy
• Time: 20 minutes

Steps:

1. Open the sash fully.
2. Locate the fuzzy or foam strips on the edges of the sash or inside the track. Peel them off (use a utility knife if they are stubborn).
3. Clean the surface thoroughly with a dry cloth or rubbing alcohol.
4. Measure the length of the track.
5. Cut new adhesive-backed foam or "V-strip" weather stripping to fit.
6. Peel the backing and press it firmly into the sash groove or track.
7. Open and close the window a few times to make sure it seats properly.

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Scenario D: Air is leaking through the moving parts (Casement/Crank Windows)

If you have a window that cranks outward (casement) and it's drafting, the rubber gasket that seals it shut has probably compressed or cracked.

The Fix: Replace compression gaskets

• Difficulty: Moderate
• Time: 30 minutes

Steps:

1. Crank the window open fully.
2. Find the rubber or vinyl gasket running around the perimeter. It usually sits in a small groove or channel.
3. Pull it out. You might need a flat-head screwdriver to get it started.
4. Clean the channel out.
5. Press the new gasket material into the channel. Do not stretch it as you install it; just press it in firmly.
6. Cut it to length and close the window tightly to help it set.

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When to Call a Professional

While most drafts are DIY-friendly, some signs indicate a bigger structural problem. You should stop and call a window professional if:

• You see rot or soft wood around the frame.
• The window is physically loose in the wall.
• The glass itself is foggy (indicating a broken seal inside a double-pane unit—you can't caulk this fix).
• You have resealed everything and the draft persists.

Time and Cost

DIY Cost:

• Caulk & Gun: $15–$25
• Weather stripping/Gaskets: $10–$20 per window
• Total: Usually under $40.

Professional Cost:

• Handyman/Window Pro: $150–$300 for a service call to seal multiple windows.

Time:

• Diagnosis: 5 minutes
• Repair: 20–45 minutes per window

Keep Your Home cozy

Drafts make a home feel unfinished and uncomfortable, but they are rarely a disaster. A little bit of caulk and some fresh weather stripping can make a massive difference in how your room feels—and how much your heating system has to work.

If you want to stay on top of seasonal maintenance like this, download the Casa app. It helps homeowners track maintenance, organize projects, and protect their investment, so you’re never caught off guard by a cold draft again.